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Products » Sulphate
Sulfate compounds arise when cations combine with the anion SO42−. Often this combination results in an ionic compound, although sulfates can engage in covalent bonding with most elements. The metal complex PtSO4P(C6H5)32 is clearly covalent Pt-O bonding. Dialkylsulfates, such as dimethylsulfate are covalent, distillable species. Many sulfate salts are highly soluble in water. Exceptions include calcium sulfate, strontium sulfate, and barium sulfate, which are poorly soluble.
Aluminium Sulphate
Aluminium sulfate, written as Al2(SO4)3 or Al2O12S3, is a widely used industrial chemical. It is sometimes incorrectly referred to as alum, as it is closely related to this group of compounds. It occurs naturally as the mineral alunogenite. It is frequently used as a flocculating agent in the purification of drinking water[1][2] and waste water treatment plants, and also in paper manufacturing.
Aluminium sulfate is rarely, if ever, encountered as the anhydrous salt. It forms a number of different hydrates, of which the hexadecahydrate Al2(SO4)3•16H2O and octadecahydrate Al2(SO4)3•18H2O are the most common.
Alum
Aluminium sulfate may be made by dissolving aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH)3, in sulfuric acid, H2SO4:
2 Al(OH)3 + 3 H2SO4 + 3 H2O → Al2(SO4)3·6H2O
Aluminium Sulphat Ferric
Aluminium Sulfate is used in water purification and as a mordant in dyeing and printing textiles. In water purification, it causes impurities to coagulate which are removed as the particulate settles to the bottom of the container or more easily filtered. This process is called coagulation or flocculation.
When dissolved in a large amount of neutral or slightly-alkaline water, aluminium sulfate produces a gelatinous precipitate of aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH)3. In dyeing and printing cloth, the gelatinous precipitate helps the dye adhere to the clothing fibers by rendering the pigment insoluble.
Aluminium Sulphate Non-Ferric
Aluminium sulfate is sometimes used to reduce the pH of garden soil, as it hydrolyzes to form the aluminium hydroxide precipitate and a dilute sulfuric acid solution. Aluminium sulfate is the active ingredient of some antiperspirants; however, beginning in 2005 the US Food and Drug Administration no longer recognized it as a wetness reducer. Aluminium sulfate is usually found in baking powder. In construction industry it is used as waterproofing agent and accelerator in concrete. Another use is a foaming agent in fire fighting foam. It is also used in styptic pencils, and pain relief from stings and bites; it is the active ingredient in popular pain relief products such as Stingose.
Ammonium Sulphate
It is used largely as an artificial fertilizer for alkaline soils. In the soil the sulfate ion is released and forms sulfuric acid, lowering the pH balance of the soil (as do other sulfate compounds such as aluminium sulfate), while contributing essential nitrogen for plant growth.
It is also used as an agricultural spray adjuvant for water soluble insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. There it functions to bind iron and calcium cations that are present in both well water and plant cells. It is particularly effective as an adjuvant for 2,4-D (amine), glyphosate, and glufosinate herbicides. It is also used in the preparation of other ammonium salts.
Barium Sulphate
Barium sulfate (or barium sulphate) is a white crystalline solid with the chemical formula BaSO4. It is poorly soluble in water and other traditional solvents but is soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid. The mineral barite is composed largely of barium sulfate and is a common ore of barium.
Calcium Sulphate
Calcium sulfate is a common laboratory and industrial chemical. In the form of γ-anhydrite (the nearly anhydrous form), it is used as a desiccant. It is also used as a coagulant in products like tofu. [1] In the natural state, unrefined calcium sulfate is a translucent, crystalline white rock. When sold under the name Drierite, it appears blue or pink due to impregnation with cobalt chloride, which functions as a moisture indicator. The hemihydrate (CaSO4.~0.5H2O) is better known as plaster of Paris, while the dihydrate (CaSO4.2H2O) occurs naturally as gypsum. The anhydrous form occurs naturally as β-anhydrite. Depending on the method of calcination of calcium sulfate dihydrate, specific hemihydrates are sometimes distinguished: alpha-hemihydrate and beta-hemihydrate.[2] They appear to differ only in crystal size. Alpha-hemihydrate crystals are more prismatic than beta-hemihydrate crystals and when mixed with water form a much stronger and harder superstructure.
Chromium Sulphate
Inhalation : Causes irritation to respiratory tract, symptoms may include coughing, sore throat, and shortness of breath. May result in ulceration and perforation of respiratory tract. When heated, this compound may give off copper fume, which can cause symptoms similar to the common cold, including chills and stuffiness of the head.
Basic Chromium Sulphat
Appearance : Fine free flowing, spray dried, Dark Green Colour Powder
Cr203 Cont. : 25% + 1%
BASICITY : 33% + 2%
PH : 3 + 0.2
PRESENCE OF CHROMATE : ABSENT.
CHROME VI CONTENT : ABSENT.
MOISTURE CONT : 6% MAXIMUM.
INSOLUBLE : 0.2% MAXIMUM.
CHROME VI CONTENT : ABSENT
Copper Sulphate
Formula : CuSO4.5H2O
Appearance : Blue Crystal
Assay : 97.00% + - 1%
Cu Content : 24.50% +_ 0.50%
Insoluble : 1% Max
Free Moisture : 1% Max
Ferrous Sulphate
Formula : Fe(SO4).7H2O
Assay : 97.00 % Min
Fe Content : 19.50% Min
Appearance : Blue green crystals.
Solubility : 48.6 g/100 g water @ 50C (122F)
Density : 1.90
Boiling Point : > 300C (> 572F) Decomposes.
Ferric Sulphate
Appearance : Grayish-white powder or rhombic crystals.
Odor : Odorless.
Solubility : Soluble in water.
Density : 3.097 (Anhydrous)
% Volatiles by volume @ 21C (70F) : 0
Melting Point : 480C (896F)
Melting Point : 57C (135F) Loses water
Lithium Sulphate
Lithium sulfate is a white inorganic salt used to treat bipolar disorder (see Lithium pharmacology). It is soluble in water, though it does not follow the usual trend of solubility versus temperature — its solubility in water decreases with increasing temperature. This property is shared with few inorganic compounds, such as the lanthanide sulfates.
Manganese Sulphate
Appearance : Pale pink granular powder.
Odor : Odorless.
Solubility : Soluble in 1 part water.
Density : 2.95
% Volatiles by volume @ 21C (70F) : 0
Boiling Point : 850C (1562F) Decomposes.
Melting Point : 700C (1292F) Loses all water @ 400-500C
Potassium Sulphate
Formula : K2SO4
Description : White Crystal
M.W. : 174
Assay : 98.50 % Min
Chloride : 0.005%
PH : 5 to 5.5
Lead : Nil
Iron : 0.002%
Glauber,S Salt
Sodium sulfate is the sodium salt of sulfuric acid. Anhydrous, it is a white crystalline solid of formula Na2SO4; the decahydrate Na2SO4·10H2O has been known as Glauber's salt or, historically, sal mirabilis since the 17th century. With an annual production of 6 million tonnes, it is one of the world's major commodity chemicals.
Sodium sulfate is mainly used for the manufacture of detergents and in the Kraft process of paper pulping. About two thirds of the world's production is from mirabilite, the natural mineral form of the decahydrate, and the remainder from by-products of chemical processes such as hydrochloric acid production.
Stannous Sulphate
EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES : Remove from exposure.
EYES : Flush with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes.
SKIN : Remove any contaminated clothing. Flood skin with large volumes of water for 15 minutes.
INHALATION/INGESTION : Seek medical attention immediately
Tin Sulphate
Boiling Point 760 mm Hg : Decomposes
Specific Gravity : 3.95
Vapor Density (Air=1) : Not applicable
% Volatiles by Weight : N/A
Solubility in H2O : Soluble
Melting Point : 360 o C
Ionic Nature : Yes
Zinc Sulphate
Zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) is a colorless crystalline, water-soluble chemical compound. The hydrated form, ZnSO4·7H2O, the mineral goslarite, was historically known as "white vitriol" and can be prepared by reacting zinc with aqueous sulfuric acid. It may also be prepared by adding solid zinc to a Copper II Sulfate solution. (Zn+CuSO4→ZnSO4+Cu) It is used to supply zinc in animal feeds, fertilizers, and agricultural sprays. ZnSO4·7H2O is used in making lithopone, in coagulation baths for rayon, in electrolytes for zinc plating, as a mordant in dyeing, as a preservative for skins and leather and in medicine as an astringent and emetic.
An aqueous solution of zinc sulfate is claimed to be effective at removing moss from roofs. Spraying a mixture on moss will allow the wind to simply blow off the remaining debris, however it is not recommended for use on lawns as it is as effective at removing grass.
Iron Sulphate
Ferrous sulfate is used to treat iron-deficiency anemia. Side effects of therapy may include nausea and epigastric abdominal discomfort after taking iron. These side effects may be minimized by taking ferrous sulfate at bedtime. Copperas was given indiscriminately by untrained persons to slaves in the 18th and 19th centuries for various ailments. The knowledge that it would cause violent nausea and vomiting made it an ideal "remedy" for virtually anything that ailed a slave and kept him from work. Many slaves were poisoned and died from this practice.[citation needed. Ferrous sulfate is also used to fortify various foods with iron, for example, the enriched corn meal in Cheetos.
Magnesium Sulphate
Sodium Sulphate
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